\chapter{Defenses against Tracking}%
\label{chap:defenses against tracking}

The proliferation of tracking across the web has led to the development of a
myriad of tools that each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Some
tracking methods can be easily mitigated by changing browser settings or by
disabling certain technologies. More often than not, these methods not only stop
or limit tracking but also severely hamper the internet experience for end
users. Especially some of the more advanced tools require user input to know
which items to block and which to let through. This in turn requires expertise
that few regular internet users possess, further complicating defending against
tracking. This chapter introduces methods and tools that have been proven to be
effective against tracking on the web. It is split into two parts, with the
first surveying techniques that can be applied to limit tracking and the second
presenting tools to managing tracking on the web. The focus lies on defending
against the methods discussed in chapter~\ref{chap:tracking methods}.

\section{Techniques}
\label{sec:techniques}

The aim of this section is to present comparatively simple techniques that a
user can employ to limit tracking. The benefit of these methods is that they are
built into modern browsers and therefore do not require specific user knowledge.
Although their implementations vary from one browser to another, the basic idea
remains the same.

\subsection{Opt-out}
\label{subsec:Opt-out}

\subsection{Clearing Browser History}
\label{subsec:Clearing Browser History}

\subsection{Private Browsing Mode}
\label{subsec:Private Browsing Mode}

\subsection{Do Not Track}
\label{subsec:Do Not Track}

\subsection{Privacy-focused Search Engines}
\label{subsec:Privacy-focused Search Engines}

\section{Tools}
\label{sec:tools}

\subsection{Blacklists}
\label{subsec:blacklists}

\subsection{TOR}
\label{subsec:tor}

\subsection{Virtual Private Networks}
\label{subsec:virtual private networks}

\subsection{Privacy Badger}
\label{subsec:privacy badger}

\subsection{Request Policy}
\label{subsec:Request Policy}


