cryptocurrencies/project1/a.sql

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temporary_table;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temporary_table (block_id int);

-- Contains all blocks and their coinbase transactions
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW coinbase_transactions
AS SELECT block_id, tx_id
FROM (
    SELECT tx_id
    FROM inputs
    GROUP BY tx_id
    HAVING COUNT(input_id) = 1
    AND SUM(sig_id) = 0
) AS one_input_transactions
NATURAL JOIN transactions
INTERSECT
SELECT block_id, MIN(tx_id) AS tx_id
FROM transactions
GROUP BY block_id;

-- Contains all blocks and their non-coinbase transactions
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW non_coinbase_transactions
AS SELECT block_id, tx_id
FROM transactions
EXCEPT
SELECT block_id, tx_id
FROM coinbase_transactions;

-------- Block validation #6 --------

INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT block_id FROM (
    -- All first transactions of each block
    SELECT MIN(tx_id) AS tx_id, block_id
    FROM transactions
    GROUP BY block_id
) AS first_transactions
WHERE tx_id NOT IN (
    SELECT tx_id
    FROM coinbase_transactions
);

-------- Block validation #7.2 --------

-- Get all blocks which have transactions with no inputs
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM transactions
NATURAL JOIN inputs
GROUP BY tx_id
HAVING COUNT(input_id) = 0;

-- Get all blocks which have transactions with no outputs
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM transactions
NATURAL JOIN outputs
GROUP BY tx_id
HAVING COUNT(output_id) = 0;

-------- Block validation #7.4 --------

-- Get all blocks which have transactions with invalid output values
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM transactions
NATURAL JOIN outputs
WHERE value < 0 OR value > 2100000000000000;

-- Get all blocks which have transactions with invalid total output values
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM transactions
NATURAL JOIN outputs
GROUP BY tx_id
HAVING COUNT(output_id) = 0 OR SUM(value) < 0 OR SUM(value) > 2100000000000000;

-------- Block validation #16.1 --------

-- Contains all non-coinbase inputs
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW non_coinbase_inputs AS (
    SELECT *
    FROM non_coinbase_transactions
    NATURAL JOIN inputs
);

-- #16.1.1 Get all blocks which have transactions where inputs do not have
-- corresponding outputs
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM non_coinbase_inputs
LEFT OUTER JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
WHERE value IS NULL OR non_coinbase_inputs.tx_id <= outputs.tx_id;

-- #16.1.4 Get blocks where sig_id of inputs does not match pk_id of matching
-- outputs
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM non_coinbase_inputs
JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
WHERE sig_id <> pk_id;

-- #16.1.5 Get blocks with inputs that have outputs which have already been
-- spent (double-spending)

-- First, get outputs that have been doubly spent
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW outputs_doubly_spent AS (
    SELECT output_id
    FROM non_coinbase_inputs
    JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
    GROUP BY output_id
    HAVING COUNT(input_id) > 1
);
-- Second, get corresponding input_id where the output was first spent
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW inputs_first_spent AS (
    SELECT MIN(input_id) AS input_id, output_id
    FROM outputs_doubly_spent
    JOIN non_coinbase_inputs USING(output_id)
    GROUP BY output_id
);
-- Third, combine to get invalid blocks
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT block_id
FROM outputs_doubly_spent
JOIN non_coinbase_inputs USING(output_id)
WHERE input_id NOT IN (
    SELECT input_id
    FROM inputs_first_spent
);

-- #16.1.6 Get all blocks where input value or sum is outside of legal money
-- range (value < 0 OR value > 2100000000000000)
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW input_sums AS (
    SELECT block_id, tx_id, input_sum
    FROM transactions
    JOIN (
        SELECT non_coinbase_inputs.tx_id AS tx_id, SUM(value) AS input_sum
        FROM non_coinbase_inputs JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
        GROUP BY non_coinbase_inputs.tx_id
    ) AS inputs USING(tx_id)
);

INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM non_coinbase_inputs
JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
WHERE value < 0 OR value > 2100000000000000;

INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM input_sums
WHERE input_sum < 0 OR input_sum > 2100000000000000;

-- #16.1.7 Get all blocks where the sum of input values < sum of output values
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW output_sums AS (
    SELECT block_id, tx_id, output_sum
    FROM transactions
    JOIN (
        SELECT tx_id, SUM(value) AS output_sum
        FROM non_coinbase_transactions
        JOIN outputs USING(tx_id)
        GROUP BY tx_id
    ) AS outputs USING(tx_id)
);

INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT input_sums.block_id
FROM input_sums
NATURAL JOIN output_sums
WHERE input_sums.input_sum < output_sums.output_sum;

-------- Block validation #16.2 --------

-- Get the coinbase value for each block
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW coinbase_value_per_block AS (
    SELECT block_id, SUM(value) AS coinbase_value
    FROM coinbase_transactions
    JOIN outputs USING(tx_id)
    GROUP BY block_id
);

-- Get the sum of all inputs per block
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW sum_inputs_per_block AS (
    SELECT block_id, SUM(value) AS total_inputs
    FROM transactions
    NATURAL JOIN inputs
    JOIN outputs USING(output_id)
    WHERE inputs.tx_id NOT IN (
        SELECT tx_id
        FROM coinbase_transactions
    )
    GROUP BY block_id
);

-- Get the sum of all outputs per block
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW sum_outputs_per_block AS (
    SELECT block_id, SUM(value) AS total_outputs
    FROM transactions
    NATURAL JOIN outputs
    WHERE tx_id NOT IN (
        SELECT tx_id
        FROM coinbase_transactions
    )
    GROUP BY block_id
);

-- Get all blocks where the coinbase value is bigger than the sum of block
-- creation fee and transaction fees
INSERT INTO temporary_table
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM coinbase_value_per_block
JOIN sum_inputs_per_block USING(block_id)
JOIN sum_outputs_per_block USING(block_id)
WHERE coinbase_value_per_block.coinbase_value > (5000000000 + sum_inputs_per_block.total_inputs - sum_outputs_per_block.total_outputs);

-- Start with a clean final table
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS invalid_blocks;
CREATE TABLE invalid_blocks (block_id int);

-- Remove duplicates from temporary_table and insert remaining into final
-- invalid_blocks table
INSERT INTO invalid_blocks
SELECT DISTINCT block_id
FROM temporary_table;