Add beginning of introduction

.gitignore

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 *.fls
 *.pdf
 *.synctex.gz
+*.run.xml
+
+*.md
 
 *.out
 *.toc

paper/Makefile

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ SHELL=/bin/zsh
 
 all:
 	pdflatex $(PAPER).tex
-	bibtex $(PAPER)
+	biber $(PAPER)
 	pdflatex $(PAPER).tex
 	pdflatex $(PAPER).tex
 

paper/references.bib

@@ -128,6 +128,14 @@
   abstract = {A public divisible resource is to be divided among projects. We study rules that decide on a distribution of the budget when voters have ordinal preference rankings over projects. Examples of such portioning problems are participatory budgeting, time shares, and parliament elections. We introduce a family of rules for portioning, inspired by positional scoring rules. Rules in this family are given by a scoring vector (such as plurality or Borda) associating a positive value with each rank in a vote, and an aggregation function such as leximin or the Nash product. Our family contains well-studied rules, but most are new. We discuss computational and normative properties of our rules. We focus on fairness, and introduce the SD-core, a group fairness notion. Our Nash rules are in the SD-core, and the leximin rules satisfy individual fairness properties. Both are Pareto-efficient.}
 }
 
+@misc{participatorybudgetingprojectHowPBWorks,
+  title = {How {{PB Works}} \textendash{} {{Participatory Budgeting Project}}},
+  author = {Participatory Budgeting Project},
+  url = {https://www.participatorybudgeting.org/how-pb-works/},
+  urldate = {2020-05-12},
+  journal = {Participatory Budgeting Project}
+}
+
 @article{shapiroParticipatoryDemocraticBudgeting2018,
   title = {A {{Participatory Democratic Budgeting Algorithm}}},
   author = {Shapiro, Ehud and Talmon, Nimrod},

paper/termpaper.tex

@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
 \documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
 \usepackage{termpaper}
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{microtype}
 
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+
+\usepackage[english]{babel}
+\usepackage{csquotes}
+\usepackage[style=ieee,backend=biber]{biblatex}
+
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+
+\addbibresource{references.bib}
 
 %opening
 \title{Participatory Budgeting: Algorithms and Complexity}
@@ -17,41 +28,52 @@
 \maketitle
 
 \begin{abstract}
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-magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
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-Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia
-deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
 \end{abstract}
 
-\section{Section 1}
+\section{Introduction}
 
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+\emph{Participatory Budgeting} (PB) is a process of democratic deliberation that
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+allows residents of a municipality to decide how a part of the public budget is
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+to be spent. It is a way to improve transparency and citizen involvement which
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+are two important cornerstones of a democracy. PB was first realized in the
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+1990s in Porto Alegre in Brazil by the Workers' Party to combat the growing
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+divide between the rich city center and the poor living in the greater region.
+Owing to its success in the south of Brazil, PB quickly spread to North America,
+Europe, Asia and Africa.
+
+Although the process is heavily adapted by each municipality to suit the
+environment in which the residents live in, it generally follows the following
+stages \autocite{participatorybudgetingprojectHowPBWorks}:
+
+\begin{description}
+    \item [Design the process] A rule book is crafted to ensure that the process
+        is democratic.
+    \item [Collect ideas] Residents propose and discuss ideas for projects.
+    \item [Develop feasible projects] The ideas are developed into projects that
+        can be undertaken by the municipality.
+    \item [Voting] The projects are voted on by the residents.
+    \item [Aggregating votes \& funding] The votes are combined to determine a
+        set of winning projects which are then funded.
+\end{description}
+
+\noindent The two last stages \emph{voting} and \emph{aggregating votes} are of
+main interest for computer scientists, economists and social choice theorists
+because depending on how voters elicit their preferences (\emph{balloting}) and
+how the votes are aggregated through the use of algorithms, the outcome is
+different.
+
+\textcite{azizParticipatoryBudgetingModels2020} define a taxonomy of
+participatory budgeting scenarios where projects can be either divisible or
+indivisible and bounded or unbounded.
+
+\subsection{Participatory budgeting scenario}
+\label{subsec:Participatory budgeting scenario}
+
+Formally, a PB scenario consists of a set of projects $P = \{ p_1,\dots,p_m \}$
+where each project $p\in P$ has an associated cost $c(p):P\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$.
 
 \section{Section 2}
 
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+\printbibliography
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-Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu
-fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in
-culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
-
-Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
-incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
-nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
-Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu
-fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in
-culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
-
-\bibliographystyle{plain}
-\bibliography{references}
 
 \end{document}